Introduce laser surface treatment technology

Laser surface treatment technology refers to the method of improving the surface performance of the workpiece by designing and laser improving the surface of the workpiece. It uses the laser beam to quickly and locally heat the workpiece to achieve local rapid heating or rapid cooling, and can be processed in the atmosphere, vacuum and other environments. By changing the laser parameters, different surface treatment process problems can be solved. The deformation of the workpiece is very small, which is a non-contact processing method. According to the purpose of surface treatment, it is divided into surface modification treatment (including laser glazing, laser remelting, laser alloying, laser coating) and removal treatment (such as laser cleaning).

1Laser surface treatment equipment

Laser surface treatment equipment mainly includes lasers and peripheral devices.

1.1 Laser

The combination of working substance, excitation source and resonator is called a laser. The types of lasers mainly include solid-state lasers, gas lasers, liquid lasers, semiconductor lasers and chemical lasers. Solid-state lasers have high output power, are widely used in industrial processing, and can be small and durable for use in field operations. At present, most of the lasers used for surface treatment in the industry are CO2 gas lasers. It is a molecular laser that relies on glow discharge excitation in an optical cavity. It is the laser with the largest output power at present. It works with CO2. Substance, adding He and N2 as auxiliary gas at the same time.

1.2 Peripheral devices

Peripheral devices mainly include optical systems, mechanical systems, and auxiliary systems. In the laser processing device, the optical system mainly includes two parts, focusing and observation, to accurately irradiate the high-power density laser beam on the processed part, and strictly control the processing engineering. The mechanical system is the mechanism and control device that makes the laser beam scan the surface of the workpiece. Auxiliary systems include a wide range of intermittent shading devices that shield continuous laser work, shielding devices to prevent personal injury caused by lasers, suction and exhaust devices, cooling water heating devices, laser power and mode monitoring devices, and laser pairs. Quasi-devices, etc.